▪️ Allele:- An alternative form of a gene
▪️ morph:- A silent gene
▪️ Angelman syndrome:- a rare genetically inherited form of mental retardation
▪️ Autosome:- Synonymous with somatic chromosomes
▪️ Chimera:- An exceptionally rare person composed of the cells derived from different zygotes
▪️ Chromosome:- Rod-shaped or thread-like structures located within the cell nucleus that carry genes encoded by DNA
▪️ Cloned gene:- A recombinant DNA molecule along with the gene of interest
▪️ Consanguinity:- Having a common ancestor, i.e., blood relations
▪️ Crossing over:- The exchange of genetic material between a pair of homologous chromosomes
▪️ Cross-pollination:- Mating of two genetically different plants (but of the same species).
▪️ Dizygotic twins:- Twins produced from two separate ova, which are separately fertilized
▪️ Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA):- Composed of nucleic acids, DNA encodes the genes that facilitate genetic information to be passed to offspring.
▪️ Evolution:- Genetic change in a population of organisms over period of time
▪️ Gamete:- A reproductive sex cell (i.e. ovum or sperm)
▪️ Gene:- Units of inheritance typically occurring at specific locations (a chromosome)
▪️ Gene Pool:- All of the genes in all of the individuals in a breeding population
▪️ Gene Flow:- The transference of genes from one population to another
▪️ Genetic Drift:- Evolution, or change in gene pool frequencies, resulting from a random chance
▪️ Genetics:- Study of gene structure, action, and the patterns of inheritance of traits from parent to offspring
▪️ Genome:- The full genetic complement of a species
▪️ Genomic imprinting:- The epigenetic phenomenon by which certain genes are expressed in a parent-of-origin-specific manner
▪️ Genotype:- Genetic constitution of a cell (of an individual organism)
▪️ Gout:- Genetically inherited metabolic disorder (or a type of arthritis)
▪️ Hemophilia:- Genetic disorder (largely inherited), problem in blood clotting
▪️ Heterozygous:- A cell containing two different alleles of a gene
▪️ Huntington's disease:- An inherited disorder that results into death of brain cells
▪️ Hybrid:- Combining the qualities of two animals or plants of different breeds, varieties, species (also known as crossbreed)
▪️ Mutation:- Change that occurs in DNA sequence
▪️ Pleiotropy:- When one gene influences two or more apparently unrelated phenotypic traits
▪️ Psoriasis:- An inherited disease categorized by recurring thick, reddish patches on skin
▪️ Syntenic:- Genes occurring on the same chromosome
▪️ Zygote:- The fertilized egg is known as zygote