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KC Sinha: Exercise 19.3 - Mathematics Solution Class 11 Chapter 19 वृत्त

[mathjax] Question 1 वृत्त का समीकरण निकाले जब उसके एक ब्यास के छोर निम्नलिखित है । [Find the equation of the circle when the end points of a diameter of the circle are] (i) (3,4) तथा(and) (-3,4) Sol...

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Question 1

वृत्त का समीकरण निकाले जब उसके एक ब्यास के छोर निम्नलिखित है ।
[Find the equation of the circle when the end points of a diameter of the circle are]
(i) (3,4) तथा(and) (-3,4)
Sol :
उस वृत्त का समीकरण जिससे व्यास के छोरो के नियामंक (3,4) तथा (-3,-4) है ।

⇒(x-3)(x+3)+(y-4)(y+4)=0
⇒x2+32+y2-42=0
⇒x2+y2=25

(ii) (-2,3) तथा(and) (3,-5)
Sol :

Question 2

वृत्त का समीकरण निकाले जिसके ब्यास के छोर (2,-3) तथा (-2,4) है । इसका केन्द्र तथा त्रिज्या निकाले ।
[Find the equation of the circle , the end points of whose diameter are (2,-3) and (-2,4). Find its centre and radius]
Sol :

उस वृत्त का समीकरण जिसके व्यास के छोर (2,-3) तथा (-2,4) है ।
⇒(x-2)(x+2)+(y+3)(y-4)=0
⇒x2-22+y2-4y+3y-12=0

वृत्त का केन्द्र$=\left(\frac{2-2}{2},\frac{-3+4}{2}\right)$
$=\left(0,\frac{1}{2}\right)$

त्रिज्या$=\frac{1}{2}\sqrt{(-2-2)^2+(4+3)^2}$
$=\frac{1}{2}\sqrt{16+49}$
$=\frac{1}{2}\sqrt{65}$

Question 3

उस वृत्त का समीकरण निकाले जिसका एक ब्यास रेखा 3x+4y=12 का अक्षो के बीच का अन्तः खण्ड है।
[Find the equation of the circle drawn on the intercept between the axes made by the line 3x+4y=12 as a diameter]
Sol :

∵व्यास रेखा का समीकरण 3x+4y=12 है ।

अतः x तथा y अक्ष का अन्तः खण्ड 4 तथा 3 होगा ।

वृत्त का समीकरण
⇒(x-4)(x-0)+(y-0)(y-3)=0
⇒x2-4x+y2-3y=0
⇒x2+y2-4x-3y=0

Question 4

दिखाएँ कि मूल बिन्दु से जाते हुए तथा अक्षो पर अन्तः खण्ड a तथा b काटने वाले वृत्त का समीकरण x2+y2-ax-by=0 है ।
[Show that equation of the circle passing through the origin and cutting intercepts a and b on the coordinates axes is x2+y2-ax-by=0]
Sol :

Question 5

उस वृत्त का समीकरण निकाले जिसके एक ब्यास के छोर वृत्त x2+y2+6x-14y=1 तथा x2+y2-4x+10y=2 के केन्द्र है ।
[Find the equation of the circle the end points of whose diameter are the centre of the circles: x2+y2+6x-14y=1 and x2+y2-4x+10y=2]
Sol :

पहले वृत्त का समीकरण
⇒x2+y2+6x-14y=1
⇒2g=6, 2f=-14
⇒g=3 ,f=-7

केन्द्र (-3,7)

Question 6

दो बिन्दुओ A तथा B के भुज समीकरण x2+2x-a2=0 के मूल है तथा उनका कोटि समीकरण y2+4y-b2=0 के मूल है । AB का ब्यास वाले वृत्त का समीकरण निकाले । वृत्त के केन्द्र के निर्देशांक तथा त्रिज्या भी निकाले ।
[The abscissa of two points A and B are the roots of the equation  x2+2x-a2=0 and the ordinates are the roots of the equation y2+4y-b2=0.Find the equation of the circle with AB as its diameter. Also find the coordinates of the centre and the length of the radius of the circle]
Sol :
भुज समीकरण से
⇒x2+2x-a2=0

⇒$x=\frac{-2\pm \sqrt{2^2-4\times 1 \times (-a^2)}}{2\times 1}$

⇒$x=\frac{-2\pm \sqrt{4+4a^2}}{2}=\frac{-2\pm \sqrt{1+a^2}}{2}$

⇒$x=-1\ppm \sqrt{1+a^2}$

कोटि का समीकरण
⇒y2+4y-b2=0

⇒$y=\frac{-4\pm \sqrt{4^2-4\times 1\times (-b^2)}}{2\times 1}$

⇒$=\frac{2(-2\pm \sqrt{4+b^2})}{2}$

⇒$y=-2\pm \sqrt{4+b^2}$

⇒$x=-1 \pm \sqrt{1+a^2}$

वृत्त का समीकरण
⇒[x-(-1+√1+a2)][x-(-1-√1+a2)]+[y-(-2+√4+b2)][y-(-2-√4+b2)]=0

⇒(x+1-√1+a2)(x+1+√1+a2)+(y+2-√4+b2)(y+2+√4+b2)=0

⇒(x+1)2-(√1+a2)2+(y+2)2-(√4+b2)=0

⇒x2+2x+1-1-a2+y2+4y+4-4-b2=0

⇒x2+y2+2x+4y-a2-b2=0

वृत्त का केन्द्र $=\left(\frac{-2}{2},\frac{-4}{2}\right)$
=(-1,-2)

त्रिज्या $=\frac{1}{2}AB$
$=\frac{1}{2}\sqrt{(2\sqrt{1+a)^2}+(2\sqrt{4+b^2})^2}$

$=\frac{1}{2}\sqrt{4(1+a^2)+4(4+b^2)}$

$=\frac{1}{2}\times 2 \sqrt{1+a^2+4+b^2}$

$=\sqrt{a^2+b^2+5}$

Question 7

यदि वृत्त x2+y2-2x+6y-15=0 के एक ब्यास का एक छोर (4,1) है तो ब्यास के दूसरे छोर निर्देशांक निकाले ।
[If (4,1) be an end of a diameter of the circle x2+y2-2x+6y-15=0 , find the coordinates of the other end of the diameter]
Sol :

माना AB वृत्त का व्यास है ।

A का निर्देशांक=(4,1)

B का निर्देशांक=(?,ꞵ)

वृत्त का समीकरण
⇒x2+y2-2x+6y-15=0
⇒2g=-2 ,2f=6
⇒g=-1, f=3

केन्द्र=(1,-3)

∵O , AB का माध्य बिन्दु है ।

$\left(\frac{4+\alpha}{2},\frac{1+\beta}{2}\right)=(1,-3)$

Question 8

वृत्त का समीकरण निकाले जिसका एक ब्यास आयत का विकर्ण है जिसके भुजा निम्नलिखित है ।
[Find the equation of the circle drawn on a diagonal of the rectangle as its diameter whose sides are]
(i) x=4, x=-2, y=5, y=-2
Sol :

(ii) x=5, x=8, y=4, y=7
Sol :

Question 9

किसी वर्ग की भुजाएँ x=6 ,x=9 ,y=3 तथा y=6 है । उस वृत्त का समीकरण निकाले जिसका ब्यास वर्ग का विकर्ण है ।
[The sides of a square are x=6 ,x=9 ,y=3 and y=6.Find the equation of a circle drawn on the diagonal of the square as its diameter]
Sol :

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